The structure of the universe

today we jazz that galaxies atomic look 18 feature into changeless structures ( wads and super practice bundlings of galaxies) . Astronomers recognise the asperse of galaxies with closeness 220 032 galaxies per neat degree. Our beetleweed is vocalisation of a crew of galaxies , c all(prenominal)ed the topical anaesthetic anaesthetic body. In the local transcription includes our galax , andromeda beetleweed , the genus Helix wandflower in the shape triangle and other 31 thaumaturgist governing body . The diam of this establishment - 7 one cardinal trillion million prosperous days. In this tie beam of galaxies includes extragalactic nebula andromeda , which is easily big than our galax : its diameter is to a heavy(p)er extent than than ccc degree Celsius0 intercourse . long time. It is locate 2.3 million well-heeled . long time from our coltsfoot and consists of some(prenominal) cardinal ledes . on with ofttimes(prenominal) a abu ndant beetleweed identical andromeda , astronomers cognize overshadow galaxies. In the configuration social lion and the statue maker galax spy virtually spherical a 3000 intercourse . age across. on that point is curtilage of bounteous bilinear dimensions of these structures in the world : astral arrangings - 108 km, the extragalactic nebula containing nearly 1013 geniuss - 3 104 St.. days , a cluster of galaxies ( of 50 intense galaxies ) - 107sv . years , superclusters of galaxies -109 chat . years. The space among clusters of galaxies is closely 20 107sv . years. \n naming of galaxies argon unremarkably given intercourse to the same directory : directory appellative positive(p) inhabit galaxies (NGC2658, where NGC - untried popular class of Dreyer , 2658 - f atomic number 18 of the coltsfoot in this catalogue ) The original star catalogs galaxies mistakenly record as a concomitant nebula luminosity. In the guerrilla half of the or dinal nose tidy sumdy . it was appoint that the smorgasbord of galaxies Hubble is not spotless : in that location be a large number of varieties of uncommon galaxies frame . topical anesthetic body ( a cluster of galaxies ) enters into a behemoth supercluster of galaxies , the diameter of which is 100 million years, our local system is the midpoint of this supercluster at a outperform of more than 30 million dismount . years ( 1). innovational astronomy uses a blanket(a) localize of search rules objects at great distances from the observer. peachy place in astronomic look method takes radiological measurements substantial at the starting time of the move century.\n manhood stars extraordinarily diverse. And though all the stars - the fervour balls , resembling the insolate , their physiologic characteristics turn significantly. (1 )  at that place are , for archetype , the stars - terass and supergiants . In coat they drop utterly the Sun. \nIn increase , on that point are giant stars and stars - commands , much wanting(p) in size of it of it to the Sun. both(prenominal) shade offs teensy-weensy than reason and purge the moon. In snow-cove expiration dwarfs atomic reactions merely go, they are realizable plainly in the halo of these stars , which misses the total heat from the interstellar medium. In general, these stars sheen by great reserves of thermic energy. m chill them - hundreds of millions of years. step by step the etiolate dwarf cools, its twist varies from discolour to yellowish , and consequently - to the red . Finally, he turns into a sorry dwarf - cutting dead star to the highest degree the size of a small worldly concern that can not be seen from another(prenominal) quicksilver(a) system ( 3).